Comparing and Contrast the Chemical Disasters at Bhopal in India and Seveso in Italy Essays

Looking at and Contrast the Chemical Disasters at Bhopal in India and Seveso in Italy Essays Looking at and Contrast the Chemical Disasters at Bhopal in India and Seveso in Italy Essay Looking at and Contrast the Chemical Disasters at Bhopal in India and Seveso in Italy Essay In today’s current society, the same number of nations have been growing quick, the advances are arriving at elevated expectations of level, for instance, the high characteristics weed executioners and the fluid more clean. In any case, as the huge creation happening, the an ever increasing number of slip-ups will be going on, in light of the fact that a few innovations, for example, weed executioner and fluid cleaners are synthetic compounds. With no uncertainty, synthetic compounds are extremely destructive for individuals. As individuals all realize that, poisonous synthetic concoctions are utilized in the ventures, which must be securely secured and give intense use guidance, for example, wearing long gloves, wellbeing shoes or covers. In any case, even the synthetic substances are under a few directions, yet individuals may have committed some genuine errors which caused an immense harm and huge measure of death to individuals. In this exposition, I will expound on the two catastrophes that caused a ton of harms by the blast of toxic synthetic substances, which situated in India and Italy. As indicated by Shrivastava (1996), the evening of 2/3 December 1984, a colossal mishap occurred in Bhopal, India, the exceptionally harmful and lopsided concoction gas was gotten away from the industrial facility and keep on spreading over the city which brought about by the absence of the consideration and care ness. Aside from that, Marchi and Funtowicz and Ravetz (1996) states that in the 10 July 1976, an amazing weed executioner which named 245T was detonated in an unassuming community which situated close to Milan, the 245T contained the most impressive and poisonous synthetic compounds, it can murder any live stocks and human effectively, the mishap was brought about by man made unmanaged directions and the harmful dioxin was spilled to the environment. Between these two mishaps, they were completely brought about by individuals not nature. Far-fetched, these two took puts in various period and areas. Luke (1984) accepted that the Bhopal mishap was brought about by the numbness of specialists. This industrial facility was worked in a packed populace condition, and in light of the fact that they contrary to the standard of US security standard, an excessive amount of measure of MIC was contained in the store and because of its gigantic amount, the tank was not sufficiently able to hold the concoction, as the wellbeing manual required at o degree, the security framework was separated and water spilling in to it and set off the response. The synthetic concoctions were discharged into the air. Bhopal and Seveso were comparable in that, as per Marchi Funtowicz Ravetz (1996) on account of the unmanaged guidelines and the obliviousness, the debacles had a significant harm and impact. As indicated by Gail (2003), the Indian Government put forth an extraordinary attempt in attempting to control the circumstance, yet the entirety of their endeavors neglected to give the adequate flexibly of clinical administrations and food gracefully. There was insufficient spot for all the harmed individuals to get clinical treatment. That is a direct result of the huge number of wounds and the absence of specialists and medication. Added to this, specialists at Bhopal had no clue about what sort of warmth they were managing. Tragically, the vast majority showed up at the medical clinic when it was past the point of no return, others kicked the bucket while trusting that their tern will see a specialist. Like Bhopal, Seveso experienced absence of quick reactions and from numbness of what precisely occurred and what gases were discharged. Late choices of departure and different reactions were made, after the administration first move of acknowledging and characterizing the mishap and its potential outcomes. B. De Marchi, S. Funtowicz, and J. Ravetz (1996), accept that Seveso had a superior reaction than Bhopal, when a correlation between the two fiascos were made. The Italian Government had greater capacity to retain the effects in a shorter timeframe. Not at all like Bhopal, the procedure of recuperation was sensibly acceptable, because of the littler effects, less harm and the high budgetary capacity. There were remunerations to casualties, redeployment to individuals lost their positions and there was some control on wellbeing long haul impacts by observing them through a down to earth arranged program. The principle contrast between the impacts of the mishaps at Bhopal and Seveso is that numerous individuals kicked the bucket at Bhopal, while there was no any passing cases announced in any article at Seveso. Passing is viewed as a transient impact. David (2002) accepts they were about 7000 demise cases at Bhopal. Baines (1993) referenced other transient impacts at Bhopal, for example, trouble and eye aggravation. Comparative indications showed up on Seveso survivors. Added to this, Shrivastava (1996) brings up that individuals presented to the discharged gas had some other short-impacts, for example, hack, regurgitating and chest torments. Long haul impacts at Bhopal basically were visual perception shortcoming and high chance of getting various types of Cancer. No drawn out impacts are in detail in â€Å"The long street to recovery†, (B. De Marchi, S. Funtowicz, and J. Ravetz 1996), neither in â€Å"Environmental Disasters†, (Baines 1993). These fiascos had included such a large number of individuals, some were dead, and some were genuinely harmed . Additionally, a few people may have an extraordinary danger of getting the antagonistic impact in their rest of lives. Due to these happened , there must be somebody stand up and assuming the liability for the colossal harms and waste . In the catastrophe of Bhopal , the organization which engaged with was association Carbide , this organization in USA was diminished their estimation of stocks by this disappointment. Besides, the Union Carbide in India needs to acknowledge to pay the financing for the patients and for the harms. Despite the fact that, the American organization against to acknowledge the legitimate duty which done without anyone else. Yet, the nearby government and a great deal of legal counselors have sued the organization, and they won the beat, so they got the financing for the harmed families and clinics. (â€Å"Bhopal India† DIS Covering Science). Conversely, as indicated by â€Å"The long street to recovery†, by B. De Marchi, S. Funtowicz, and J. Ravetz (1996), the organization of the Seveso had paid for the emergency clinics and government and any hurt, and they will be more worry about how to do the protections cautiously and sensible. To keeping away from these things happen once more, every individuals and people have planned something for forestall these sorts of calamities. As a matter of first importance, as per the articles, nearby government had administer a few issues for caring the synthetic concoctions and cautioning individuals who were working with the synthetic compounds must compensation a ton of considerations on it. Likewise, the organizations which delivering the synthetic concoctions must be situated a long way from the high extents of individuals in the areas and giving the information to emergency clinics about how to fix the substance ailment. All in all, every one and society need to plan something for keep away from the calamity occur, in light of the fact that nobody needs beyond words needs to see others dead. Along these lines, from these two catastrophes, People have concentrated how to forestall the calamity occur, and not simply accuse somebody to assume liability after the debacles. Despite the fact that these two genuine occasions had happened years back, it despite everything named the one of the most noticeably awful modern catastrophe on the planet, on the grounds that numerous blameless individuals were passed on for it, and such a large number of individuals needed to harm the difficult during their rest of lives. Article Foundation 001 Scholastic composing Comparing and difference the substance calamities at Bhopal in India and Seveso in Italy Student complete name: Li Fei Lu (Lulu) Teacher: Chris Beard Essay length: 1190 words Reference A sequence of occasions at Seveso and Seveso adjusted from B. De Marchi, S. Funtowicz, and J. Ravertz (1996) Seveso: A confusing exemplary in The long street disclosure: Community reactions to mechanical debacle Edited by James K. Mitchell: United countries University Press. â€Å"Bhopal, India. † DISCovering Science. Online Edition. Hurricane, 2003. Imitated in understudy Resource Center. Detroit: Gale, 2004. http://galenet. galegroup. com/servlet/SRC downloaded 26 November 2004 Cancer fears frequent overcomers of Italian synthetic fiasco (1997) Cancer Weekly Plus Retrieved January 23, 2005, from the Expanded Academic Database David, L (2002) Night of the Gas New Internationalist p34 (2) p9 Retrieved January 23, 2005, from the Expanded Academic Database Shrivastava, P (1996) Long-term recuperation from the Bhopal emergency in The long street to recuperation: Community reactions to modern calamity Edited by James K. Mitchell: United Nations University Press (adjusted)

The History of Spains Gran Dolina

The History of Spain's Gran Dolina Gran Dolina is a cavern site in the Sierra de Atapuerca area of focal Spain, roughly 15 kilometers from the town of Burgos. It is one of six significant paleolithic destinations situated in the Atapuerca cavern framework; Gran Dolina speaks to the longest involved, with occupations dated from the Lower and Middle Paleolithic times of mankind's history. Gran Dolina has 18-19 meters of archeological stores, including 19 degrees of which eleven incorporate human occupations. A large portion of the human stores, which date somewhere in the range of 300,000 and 780,000 years back, are wealthy in creature bone and stone instruments. The Aurora Stratum at Gran Dolina The most established layer at Gran Dolina is known as the Aurora layer (or TD6). Recuperated from TD6 were stone center choppers, chipping flotsam and jetsam, creature bone and hominin remains. TD6 was dated utilizing electron turn reverberation to roughly 780,000 years prior or somewhat prior. Gran Dolina is one of the most seasoned human destinations in Europe as just Dmanisi in Georgia is more established. The Aurora layer contained the remaining parts of six people, of a primate predecessor called Homo antecessor, or maybe H. erectus: there is some discussion of the particular primate at Gran Dolina, partially in view of some Neanderthal-like qualities of the primate skeletons (see Bermã ºdez Bermudez de Castro 2012 for a conversation). Components of every one of the six showed cut imprints and other proof of butchering, including eviscerating, defleshing, and cleaning of the primates and in this manner Gran Dolina is the most established proof of human barbarianism found to date. Bone Tools From Gran Dolina Layer TD-10 at Gran Dolina is depicted in the archeological writing as transitional among Acheulean and Mousterian, inside Marine Isotope Stage 9, or roughly 330,000 to 350,000 years back. Inside this level were recouped in excess of 20,000 stone ancient rarities, for the most part of chert, quartzite, quartz, and sandstone, and denticulates and side-scrubbers are the essential devices. Bone have been distinguished inside TD-10, a bunch of which are accepted to speak to apparatuses, including a bone sledge. The mallet, like ones found in a few other Middle Paleolithic locales, seems to have been utilized for delicate sledge percussion, that is, as an apparatus for making stone instruments. See the depiction of the proof in Rosell et al. recorded underneath. Paleohistory at Gran Dolina The complex of collapses Atapuerca was found when a railroad channel was uncovered through them in the mid-nineteenth century; proficient archeological unearthings were led during the 1960s and the Atapuerca Project started in 1978 and proceeds right up 'til today. Source: Aguirre E, and Carbonell E. 2001. Early human ventures into Eurasia: The Atapuerca proof. Quaternary International 75(1):11-18. Bermudez de Castro JM, Carbonell E, Caceres I, Diez JC, Fernandez-Jalvo Y, Mosquera M, Olle A, Rodriguez J, Rodriguez XP, Rosas An et al. 1999. The TD6 (Aurora layer) primate site, Final comments and new inquiries. Diary of Human Evolution 37:695-700. Bermudez de Castro JM, Martinon-Torres M, Carbonell E, Sarmiento S, Rosas, Van der Made J, and Lozano M. 2004. The Atapuerca destinations and their commitment to the information on human advancement in Europe. Developmental Anthropology 13(1):25-41. Bermã ºdez de Castro JM, Carretero JM, Garcã ­a-Gonzlez R, Rodrã ­guez-Garcã ­a L, Martinã ³n-Torres M, Rosell J, Blasco R, Martã ­n-Francã ©s L, Modesto M, and Carbonell E. 2012. Early pleistocene human humeri from the Gran Dolina-TD6 site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). American Journal of Physical Anthropology 147(4):604-617. Cuenca-Bescã ³s G, Melero-Rubio M, Rofes J, Martã ­nez I, Arsuaga JL, Blain HA, Lã ³pez-Garcã ­a JM, Carbonell E, and Bermudez de Castro JM. 2011. The Early-Middle Pleistocene natural and climatic change and the human development in Western Europe: A contextual investigation with little vertebrates (Gran Dolina, Atapuerca, Spain). Diary of Human Evolution 60(4):481-491. Fernndez-Jalvo Y, Dã ­ez JC, Cceres I, and Rosell J. 1999. Human barbarianism in the Early Pleistocene of Europe (Gran Dolina, Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain). Diary of Human Evolution 37(3-4):591-622. Lã ³pez Antoã ±anzas R, and Cuenca Bescã ³s G. 2002. The Gran Dolina site (Lower to Middle Pleistocene, Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain): new palaeoenvironmental information dependent on the dispersion of little well evolved creatures. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 186(3-4):311-334. Rosell J, Blasco R, Campeny G, Dã ­ez JC, Alcalde RA, Menã ©ndez L, Arsuaga JL, Bermã ºdez de Castro JM, and Carbonell E. 2011. Bone as a mechanical crude material at the Gran Dolina site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain). Diary of Human Evolution 61(1):125-131. Rightmire, GP. 2008 Homo in the Middle Pleistocene: Hypodigms, variety, and species acknowledgment. Developmental Anthropology 17(1):8-21.

Fainel exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fainel test - Essay Example It is a house worked of wood and it stands apart as a forehead house ext to a divider made of stones. Surfaces and window is a painting in a characteristic setting. It is a window which is close to a nursery something basic in many homes. It is introduced in an extremely common manner utilizing standard hues to make the artistic creation recognizable to the watcher. Relics blessed messenger is a painting mirroring the substance of a vestige shop. The various types of artifacts one can discover in such shops, for example, drum gives the artwork its personality. Definitively, Elizabeth Ann has expressed that her work shows divided reality. She is enlivened by music, sound, pieces and bits of artificial and characteristic types of nature. With the utilization of light, shading, and shadow she shapes her works of art to speak to nature around her. Utilization of rationale in a fantasy world makes her artistic creations one of a kind and remarkable. Social affair pictures from this present reality, and assembling them in innovative ways has guaranteed that her work is applicable in the cutting edge contemporary

Fast Track Couriers Pty Ltd †Get Free Sample Solution Click Now

Question: Depict about the Fast Track Couriers Pty Ltd? Answer: 1. Audit Of Scenario Information Presentation The firm named Fast Track Couriers has been in to the market since long and is a dispatch association that has consistently been working inside New South Wales for most recent 15 years. The essential business of the firm is completely identified with conveying the medium towards enormous size bundles over the metropolitan Sydney. As of now the firm needs to extend its market and points towards two essential objectives. They are: Objective An: It is tied in with actualizing an appropriate PDA in any case GPS use in the profitability work upon truck armada inside first quarter of end of the budgetary year 2012. Objective B: It is tied in with Implementing one individual for each truck approach using ongoing lift doors inside first quarter of 2012 budgetary year Does The Intricacy of The Topic Intimidate You? Tame Your Fear with Unmatched Assignment Help Services from Professional Writers 2.Report On The Change Needs For The Fast Track Examination of hierarchical targets to recognize change requirements for the Fast Track Couriers: Recognize change objectives Objective A really is fundamental for the businesstowards guaranteeing that the firm achieves all its operational just as vital points and objectives. The firm targets improving its market reach and needs to grow to a few areas where it doesn't exists till date. This will require the firm to create it innovatively with the goal that it gets fit for giving an intense rivalry to its rivals. Additionally innovative upgrade will assist the firm with attaining better piece of the overall industry. Additionally this will empower the firm to follow its conveyance people and contact them on time when required and if there should be an occurrence of crises it may end up being a lot of gainful for the firm. Objective B is additionally basic to the business toand it is required as the firm organization gives information and data with respect to the systems and arrangements strategies by means of a recorded manual which are really held in each truck like worker manual. This can be caused progressed and workers will to feel increasingly created and upgraded mechanically through this framework. One individual for every truck framework will likewise guarantee ideal utilization of the human asset just as appropriate use of every single other asset so as to make the creation of the firm extra productive and viable. The computerization of the doors will help the drivers just as they will never again be required to lift the entryways physically. This will alsomotivate the drivers and causes them to feel that the firm even ponders the issues being looked by the drivers (Bowman and Jarrett, 1996). Who: The objective An of the firm which is about execution of a GPS framework for following the trucks so as to upgrade conveyance time and framework will straightforwardly affect the truck drivers. Likewise different representatives of the firm like nearby conveyance staffs, stacking and emptying laborers and even the center level administrators will be influenced by the execution of this framework. How: These progressions will be expected to get executed cautiously and will require a huge parcel of concern. In the event that any firm isn't preferring and not prepared to grasp modifications and changes then that firm will endure over the long haul. The staffs in achievement procedure of both the objectives will be provided an appropriate preparing which will assist them with knowing and better comprehend the progressions and make it simple for them to adjust such changes. The administration division will require a few specialists for preparing the staffs who might flexibly the information on the new innovation and furthermore urge the staffs to utilize novel advancements as time passes which will help them as an individual and furthermore the firm on an entirety. At the point when: The progressions will be executed by end of July 2011 and the outcomes are to be assessed toward the finish of budgetary year 2012. 4. Change Goals Related To Firms Strategic Goals Vital GOALS RELATED CHANGE GOALS To develop just as extend the business in metropolitan areas The objective A which is about usage of GPS will assist the firm with becoming exceptionally quick and extra proficient in its procedures of conveyance and supplies. This will cause the firm to achieve additional piece of the pie and along these lines grow its market To convey little in addition to medium bundles and upgrade the piece of the pie by 7.5%. The improvement of piece of the overall industry will require all the more mechanically created framework which will enable the firm to develop to an ever increasing extent. To grow appropriately incorporated loom towards the board of dissemination utilizing the innovation GPS will incorporate the administration with the dissemination staffs and the businesses will have the option to find the trucks. To make and keep up extremely strong just as very much disturbed workforce The truck passes through robotized door framework will be caused to feel that the firm thinks about what hard work they do physically, this will inspire them to incredible degree. 5. Money saving advantage Analysis Change prerequisite The change will incorporate numerous new individuals that is a few novel representatives will be selected which will bring about extraordinary expense for the firm. The principle financial plan for the actualizing of this change methodology will reject the expense of novel trucks, innovation just as lift entryways and even lost efficiency beginning truckers is some $25,000. Yet, this will be useful as it is required to develop the piece of the overall industry of the firm by some 7.5% and even the advantage is relied upon to be a few (By and Macleod, 2009) Cost of changes-The principle financial plan for the executing of this change system will avoid the expense of novel trucks, innovation just as lift doors and even lost efficiency starting truckers is some $25,000. Likewise the change will require consideration of nearly 8 novel trucks for improving the conveyance patter and diminishing the conveyance time just as this will likewise bring about expense for the firm as purchasing truck will require overwhelming venture. However this will have additional preferred position on the firm. Little dissemination outlets will be additionally be situated at the Maitland and Goulburn, Nowra just as Bathurst and furthermore every one of them will be kept an eye on by around two staffs inside next 8 months. This will likewise incorporate movement of certain staffs or enlistment of new representatives which again would bring about expense for the firm. In any event, working of new center points will get cost for the association. In any case, throu gh this Fast Track will finish some 20% of the conveyances towards the local areas inside next 3 years, this will assist the firm with attaining what it has arranged and along these lines the entire cost will be recaptured back by the firm. Dangers There is a few dangers related with the organizations speculations just as changes. They are: 1. In past it was seen that the representatives extraordinarily truck drivers include not acknowledged changes inside the firm and has functioned as obstacle for the execution of the change. This may be a case in this circumstance as well.2. There is immense venture and consideration of cash during the time spent execution of this change, in the event that change doesn't works appropriately and is a disappointment, at that point the firm should endure a tremendous loss of both money related just as human resources.3. Some old workers who probably won't acknowledge the change may will in general get de-propelled and furthermore may leave the firm Potential advantages of each change- Execution of GPS may improve the firm mechanically The GPS framework will assist the firm with tracking its staffs unequaled and handle them all the more properly. The usage of the eight new trucks will get additional proficiency for the firm and will upgrade its conveyance procedure. Usage of an arrangement of one individual for every truck will cause numerous different staffs to feel free as the door framework will be made robotized Drivers may feel loose as they won't need to stack and empty the bundles physically through mechanization of the door Workers may feel extra glad and persuaded. Appraisal of advantages all against costs in addition to dangers CHANGE COST Hazard Advantage Execution of GPS framework Drivers may feel that administration is meddling in the process they convey the transfers The redundancy of past outcomes which was about rejection of the progressions by the staffs Mechanically progression of the firm The firm may turn out to be extra skillful in the market The firm may appropriately perceive the extraordinary exhibition of the staffs Getting new trucks Need new trucks will bring about expense to somewhere in the range of 5000000 Quick Track will have the option to finish some 20% of the conveyances to all the territorial areas inside next 3 years. The firm will have the option to improve its conveyance ability Better market reach One driver for each truck change Wages and pay rates that will be paid to every single new enrollment Computerization of door will acquire cost for innovation usage Drivers probably won't acknowledge the change completely Drivers may feel discontent with the choice Most efficient utilization of the assets to wrap advertise necessities and prerequisites Decreased necessity for employing outside truckers Decreased likelihood of the lifting injury Source: (Carnall, 2001) Classified changes- 1. Structural:The firm is endeavoring and thinking that its fundamental to upgrade structure of firm because of certain impacts from the outer condition. These basic changes will include chain of command of the position, objectives and furthermore basic qualities just as authoritative strategies, in addition to the administration plot. Practically the entirety of the adjustments in the firm is the manner by which First flight will deal with the falls under classification of the basic change. 2. Process oriented:The firm needs to reengineer the procedures to achieve ideal work process just as profitability. This Process⠐tilting change will be identified with the organizations conveyance process in any case the manner by which the firm will amass every one of its systems and items in any case

How Prosecutor shape justice - 1650 Words

How Prosecutor shape justice (Term Paper Sample) Content: The parties involved and the criminal justice pre-trial procedure Name: Institution: Date: Introduction Any criminal justice system comprises of a series of processes before it's subjected to a full trial. This include investigations and arrest by the police, the charging and plea bargaining procedure by the prosecutor and the indictment by the grand juries (Worrall, 2007). In this respect the prosecutor is the only player who is entrusted by the government to ensure that law is enforced and justice is administered (Siege, 2012). The prosecutor has at his/her disposal heightened authority to determine whether the charged criminal face a full trial or not. To add to this, he/she is also mandated to carry out a plea bargaining process which determines the path a case follows. He/she does this through the immense uncontrolled powers bestowed upon him/her especially the power of discretion which he/she exercises to his/her will (Davis, (2001). These raise the question of credibility for a criminal case. Can justice really prevail if the prosecutor is influenced by other factors like political, personal or otherwise when deciding whether to charge or not? The responsibilities of the prosecutor in the criminal justice process The core role of a prosecutor is to decide whether or not to prosecute the criminal and also to file charges. The prosecutorial discretion allows him/her to decide solely based on the evidence presented to him by the police. Indeed he is the anchor of the entire criminal à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"ship'. To start with, the prosecutor has two special responsibilities bestowed by the state which include the charging decision power and the plea bargaining powers (Worrall, 2007). As a result of these responsibilities he relies on evidence and information given by the police to decide whether to prosecute the accused or not as long as long as he/she feels that there is substantial evidence to prove that the defendant committed a crime (Siegel, 2007). Subsequently upon filing charges, the prosecutor uses at his/her disposal the plea bargaining powers to reduce or drop some charges, lessen some sentences of the charges in the exchange of pleading guilty offer of not contesting on the side of the defendant, in addition the prosecutor determines which charges to file, whether to drop the case or not and the punishment for those charges according to the law (Siegel, 2012). It is at this stage that the prosecutor again solely decides to engage a defense attorney with the hope of reaching the above charge agreements that prevents a full trial of the case to occur. This means that the prosecutor along with the defense lawyer can easily dispose a case if they reach a workable agreement, a move which can be detrimental to administration of justice (Vollenberg, 1981). In this respect, justice rest on the hands of the prosecutor who decides without limitation of powers the direction a case takes (Worrall, 2007). However, if a felony has been committed and the prosecutor has enough evidence, he/she proceed to engage a grand jury who determined whether or not to indict the defendant. In his jurisdiction the prosecutor present the evidence before the grand jury either in writing or by engaging the subpoenas to present their testimonies (Worrall, J. 2007). The role of the grand jury A grand jury is comprised of 23 jurors who determine whether the case presented by the prosecutor in line with the evidence deserves an indictment. However this move may only serve to formalize the prosecutor's recommendations as the grand jury relies so much on the information presented by the prosecutor. Instead of merely accepting the prosecutors evidence a grand jury is mandated to carry out further investigations to substantiate the credibility of indictment. It does this through asking the witness to testify before the jurors and also fathers more evidence which guides their decision. (Worrall, J. 2007). This investigative process by the grand jury is very paramount especially when the case is of public interest and careful decisions must be made. Unfortunately, the prosecutor is the legal advisor of most grand juries, a move that deter any amendments to be made in to the criminal cases (Worrall, 2007). There are also strict regulations during grand juries proceedings, prohibits the defense attorney and the defendant to participate, further they are not informed when it is taking place and they can't therefore justify themselves and only accepts the decision of the grand jury, whether fair or not . This move only reinforces the prosecutors view in charging the criminal case; the only key player allowed is only the witnesses of the case. Grand juries are usually private and very discreet affairs sand out of bound by the public (Siegel, 2012). The secretive nature is engineered to safeguard the whole process ...

How to Handle Your Feelings Anger as an Antagonist in the Ramayana - Literature Essay Samples

Negative emotions such as despair, disappointment, fury, bitterness are very impactful on one’s life and actions; at times, such sentiments can drive one away from the right path. The complexity of feelings is accountable for the depth and dimension of a being. One of the reasons why the Indian epic the Ramayana has such profound layers is the emotional development of its characters. The flow of the story paints the perspectives of each character, good or bad, through multiple lenses. The demons, Rakshasas, may appear to be the main antagonists of Rama in the Ramayana, but negative emotions are the true fatal enemies within each characters, no matter whether men or animals. In this epic, anger is a negative emotion that can destroy a person’s life with its immediate, horrifying consequences. When the evil Manthara fuels the Ayodhya queen Kaikeyi with hatred, and when she shows her rage; â€Å"Kaikeyi ran to the palace anger-room, slammed the door and locked it behind her. She broke off her strands of pearls. [] I want to die!† (Buck, 68). This moment of fury leads her to the inescapable hole of misery and misfortune. Shortly after, her beloved husband Dasaratha passes away due to tremendous grief, caused directly by her decision to exile Rama. However, the most painful results that Kaikeyi has to suffer is the denial of her son Bharata and the death of her husband Dasaratha. The queen does everything in her power to make Bharata king, but he does not accept the throne. Contrary to her imagination, Bharata disagrees with his mother’s actions, calling them â€Å"hateful† and telling her that she is â€Å"like a deer lured into a snare by a sweet song† (114, 115). He does not appreciate what Kaikeyi considers â€Å"efforts† and â€Å"good intentions† to him. One who causes destruction to another must receive the same result. She is deeply wounded by her son’s words, just as how Dasaratha suffers immense depression because of hers. Similar to Kaikeyi, Surpanakha’s rage leads to a terrible result. When Ravana’s sister fails to seduce Rama, her anger leads to an outburst, in which â€Å"she rushed at Sita, and held out before her her claws curved like elephant hooks† (157). Her intentions to harm Sita ultimately result in Lakshmana’s anger and cause him to cut off her ears. Her will to hurt Sita, in a moment of burning fury, causes her own wounds. Her brother, the demon king Ravana, also makes the same mistake. When Ravana and Time hold a conversation, the Rakshasa lord lets fury take over him and insults Time: â€Å"You little liar! [] And whatever you give you steal back, by fraud, from hiding, when you’re not watched† (337). Time and Death are the most powerful entities known, but Ravana, in his moment of anger, dares to humiliate Time. When Kala goes on, Ravana loses his patience and â€Å"made ready to seize Time and crush him with his steely strength† (339). Similar to Kaikeyi and Surpanakha, his anger catches him and his insult backfires. Not long after, he faces his doom, in his own ignorance and isolation. Thus, fury is a catastrophic negative emotion that has the ability to cause devastation within a very short amount of time. Anger is not the only negative feeling that exists in Ramayana. Lust plays an important role in the epic as well. Its consequences are shown most clearly through Ravana’s actions and his life. Ravana is a role model for a lecherous lifestyle. He is so lustful that he steals women who are happily married, ultimately leading to Nalakubara’s curse after he rapes his wife: â€Å"Ravana, when you next attack a woman who won’t have you, your ten heads will burst!† (180). This curse stops the king from conducting wrongdoings towards women and preventing him from stepping into his own doom. But lust is a lethal foe of all beings and even the mighty Ravana cannot escape his fate. The feeling that Ravana has towards Sita, which he calls â€Å"love†, is in fact another appearance of lust. It covers his eyes, lures him from his path to Dharma and ultimate happiness and pushes him to the edge of doom. Because of lust, the Rakshasa king abducts Sita and indirectl y causes his loved ones, even his brother and his own son, to die. Lust is the basis of the stubbornness in Ravana’s actions when he neglects the truthful advice from others. Regardless of Kumbhakarna’s warning â€Å"A King is the roof his people’s happiness, and if he is wrong their lives are in danger and their nation will die† (301) or Indrajit’s wisdom â€Å"You took Death on your lap the day you stole Sita, and Death have you courted all this time† (318), he insists on killing Rama and seizing Sita. He ignores the well-being of his people and even himself, just because lust deceives him. He has to undergo the sorrow of loss, exactly as Rama feels when he took Sita away. Even though the consequences that desire brings are not as swift as rage, their impact is much worse. In the end, the demon king dies at the hand of Rama, the man whose wife he steals. While the appearance of lust seems to be beautiful, as what Ravana calls â€Å"loveâ € , it is a deadly enemy that slowly crushes one to death. While anger and lust lead to actions that are controllable, grief — another destructive negative emotion, is a reaction and the greatest suffering that is unstoppable and inevitable. Dasaratha, once the mighty king of Ayodhya, suffers an agonizing depression due to his son’s departure. When Rama goes to visit his father before his great journey of fourteen years, he finds Dasaratha who â€Å"shut the wine-vault doors and locked them closed and barred them; [] he sat not in a palace but in a death-waiting house; he was a pilgrim come to die at some holy place in one of the little stone-built rooms† (77). His actions show how destructive grief can be. He abandons his status and hope, just waiting for death to claim him. Grief transforms him from a wise king to a hopeless man and takes away all his hopes and joy. The heartbreak ends Dasaratha’s time on Earth and death approaches him, shortly after Rama is exiled. However, grief is not identical to anger or lu st. While rage and lust are the roots of sin and often expressed by an action of one on another, grief is a reaction that usually only has impact on oneself rather than others. This difference makes the emotion unique and reveals a hidden aspect: if one can get over the agony of grief and let go of vengeance and bitterness, they can achieve happiness and peacefulness, according to their definitions. Sita is one character who is a victim of grief, but later successfully overcomes it. When Indrajit, the master of illusions, creates a false death of Rama, it causes Sita such sorrow that she decides to die: â€Å"She quietly opened her hand, and let life slip and fall away through her fingers† (286). Grief is so devastating that it can take away her life if Rama no longer exists. Her patience and willingness to continue is barely clinging onto her hope in her reunion with Rama. However, at the end of the epic, Sita finally lets go of her sorrow and becomes independent from grief. Even though Rama is still alive, she decides to return to her mother’s arms, indicating that she no longer relies on her husband. Rama is also a role model in his ability to prevent himself from falling into the hands of grief. Sita’s departure from his life at the end of the Ramayana certainly affects him, but he does not let it take over him:†[] I will never meet Sita again as a man.† Rama sighed, and still he was smiling† (417). His smile shows his acceptance of the event. Indeed, he cannot eliminate grief completely, but he does not fight it either. He makes peace with grief and stays calm. In the end, Rama receives his long, deserving rest from life and reunites with Lakshmi in Heaven, after transforming back into Narayana. Therefore, even though grief is devastating, if one can overcome sorrow without harming others, he or she will be able to find joy and wishes fulfilled. Negative feelings are the main factors that lead to the ruin of Ramayana characters. While anger and lust cause the immediate destruction of one when they do harm to others, grief acts as a challenge that test if one has the ability to seize happiness. Emotions are the biggest obstacles to stop a person from obtaining their goal, thus it is important to stay aware and conscious of our own actions. If one survive the impact of feelings, he or she can achieve the â€Å"everlasting Dharma wheel and truly set it turning†, an achievement tantamount to ultimate joy and happiness, as well as freedom from desires and needs. Works Cited Buck, William, translator. Ramayana. University of California Press, 1976.

Amy Tan s The Joy Luck Club Essay - 1567 Words

Amy Tan’s â€Å"The Joy Luck Club† is a novel written in various short stories between four immigrant Chinese mothers and their four Chinese-American born daughters. The mother’s represent their heritage, tradition, culture, and native tongue. Their daughters; however embody America and its culture, along with language. Each mother and daughter share the emotional feeling of cultural separation between themselves and their relationship with each other. With their cross-cultural relationship, the daughters are at a stance with their mother, her upbringing, and wisdom. Through the mother’s stories, Amy Tan convey’s cross-cultural relationships amongst the mothers’ and daughters through symbolism and anecdotes. By facing disadvantages each mother learns to become strong through their own struggle and have become protective of their daughters from pain that they had endured in China. Although, with the daughters being brought up in a cross-cultu ral environment, primarily American culture, they ironically mistake their mother s’ guidance and love as judgement. They feel pressured and criticized by their mothers and correlate it as an inability to understand the American Culture. Lindo and Waverly have built a relationship upon Lindo’s high hopes for her daughter and wanting to ensure the best of both worlds for her. After seeing how talented Waverly was at chess, Lindo’s pride ignored her daughter’s wishes as she moved through tournaments, while Waverly viewed her mother’s prideShow MoreRelatedAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1097 Words   |  5 PagesCulture defines humanity. Culture makes humans different than any other living organism ever known. Culture is what makes humans unique, and yet culture is easily the most misunderstood characteristic of individuals. In Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club, Amy Tan develops the theme of incomplete cultural understanding leads to an inability to comm unicate one’s true intentions through juxtaposition and conflict between mothers and daughters and their cultures. The conflicting Chinese culture of the mothers’Read MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club890 Words   |  4 PagesLena and Ying-Ying from Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club both face injustice in their patriarchal relationships, just as Mariam and Laila from A Thousand Splendid Suns, however on very different terms. Lena, like Amir and Laila, struggles with confrontation and complete deference of others. However, under the influence of her mother, Lena realizes the problematic recurrences in relationship with her husband. Ying-Ying, aware of her daughters submissiveness, must lead Lena to intervention to confront herselfRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1385 Words   |  6 Pages Amy Tan s The Joy Luck Club Mona A. M. Ahmed Zagazig University, Egypt The purpose of this paper is to investigate pluralism, acculturation and assimilation in Amy Tan s novel The Joy Luck Club (1989), a finalist for the National Award, and a recipient of the 1990 Bay Area Book Reviewers award for fiction. Amy Tan (1952- ) is a Chinese American novelist; she is the daughter of John Tan, a Chinese electricalRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club Essay805 Words   |  4 PagesRebecca Nemmers American Minority Writers Professor Czer September 12, 2016 Mother Knows Best Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club is a well-known novel that discusses the difficulties that Chinese American immigrants face especially in the second generation. This novel specifically focuses in on the stories of the mothers and their daughters, their sufferings and triumphs. Due to both the generational and cultural differences between the mothers and daughters are extreme and these differences cause theirRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1023 Words   |  5 Pagesand other scholars’ articles, a diasporic and often considered as postcolonial discourses- Amy Tan’s debut novel The Joy Luck Club comes to my mind. Amy Tan, as one of the renowned contemporary Chinese American writers, and also as one of the daughters of the immigrants herself, writes several novels revealing situations and reflecting problems faced by the Chinese diaspora in America. Although The Joy Luck Club has been published for more than two decades, the stories inside are still going on in Chi neseRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1028 Words   |  5 PagesIn Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club, Waverly Jong is a dynamic character who shows her arrogance, selfishness and insecurities as the story progresses. On the first letter of Waverly’s name, W, sits a Mink, which symbolizes her desire for her mother’s approval. Throughout the novel, Waverly avoids Lindo’s criticism and fears her mother will not agree with her choices. This is evident in â€Å"Four Directions† when Waverly shows her mother the mink coat Rich bought her and Lindo responds, â€Å"This is no good†¦Read MoreAnalysis Of Amy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1637 Words   |  7 Pagessame time† (Goreski). Amy Tan, an author of numerous novels, understands the battle of relationships, especially between culturally diverse mothers and daughters. In one of Tan’s novels, The Joy Luck Club, she writes to get the point across of how difficult it is for contrasting cultures to communicate with one another, â€Å"...out of an intense concern with the individual artistic choices she was making at every level and at every moment† (Evans 3). The passionate message Tan stresses in the novelRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1210 Words   |  5 PagesThe Joy Luck Club, Amy Tan tells the story of four Chinese mothers and their American daughters. Throughout the book, Tan talks about the mothers and the life they had in china, the relationship between their mothers, and why they moved to America. She also writes about the daughters who were born and raised in America and their relationship with their mothers. In addition, she talks about the cultural differences between the Chinese mothers and the Chinese-American daughters. Joy Luck Club is oneRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club986 Words   |  4 Pageshope. How to laugh forever†, Amy Tan wrote in The Joy Luck Club. This powerful quote not only exhibits the mindset that Amy has formed over the years, but also how various lessons has shaped her inner-being. Overcoming a past were all the odds were against her, even her mother, leaves Tan’s story worth being heard. Amy’s mixed heritage made adapting to the free life of America from an authoritarian Chinese parenting style difficult. The pivotal moment that altered Amy Tan’s life the most was breakingRead MoreAnalysis Of Amy Tan s The Joy Luck Club Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesLauren Lee 11 September 2016 English 203H 1st Period 3 paragraphs â€Å"The Joy Luck Club† Journey of the Swan In Amy Tan’s story â€Å"The Joy Luck Club,† Jing-mei recalls the struggles she is burdened by in not understanding the extensive sacrifices her mother made and the guilt she carries of never living to be her mother’s swan. For the majority of her life, June has battled with the tedious thoughts of why her mother never seemed content with her. â€Å"Auntie Lin and my mother were both best friends and